Money and Finance
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Exit Strategy
Link to: Exit Strategy The S&P 500 set a marginal new high on Friday, in the context of a broad rollover in momentum thus far this year that we view as likely – though of course not certain – to represent a broad cyclical peak of the sort that...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Pushing Luck
Link to: Pushing LuckThe latest data from the NYSE shows equity margin debt at a new all-time high. Relative to GDP, the current 2.6% level was eclipsed only once – at the March 2000 market peak. In the context of the most extreme bullish sentiment...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Short Horizon, Long Horizon
Over history, and including the past decade, properly normalized valuations have remained a powerful guidepost for full-cycle and long-term returns, particularly on the horizon of 7-10 years. On that front, the current price/revenue multiple of the S&P...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Sitting Ducks
The present market context is this: from a valuation standpoint, virtually every reliable measure of market valuation we observe is now within the highest 1% of historical observations prior to the late-1990’s bubble. “Reliable” in this context...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Whack-a-mole
As of last week, the S&P 500 has declined to the point where we now expect 10-year total returns averaging about 5.7% annually on the index. This is certainly higher than the 3.4% prospective return we observed earlier this year, but is still a prospective...
Money and Finance
Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Overlooking Overvaluation
Presently, on the basis of smooth fundamentals such as revenues, book values, dividends and cyclically-adjusted earnings, the S&P 500 is somewhere between 40-70% above pre-bubble valuation norms, depending on the measure. That’s about the same point they reached at the beginning of the 1965-1982 secular bear period, as well as the 1987 peak. Stocks are far less overvalued than they were in the late-1990’s, but it is worth noting that nearly 14 years of poor market returns have resulted simply from the retreat from those bubble valuations to the current rich valuations. If presently rich valuations were to retreat again to undervalued levels that have accompanied the start of secular bull markets (see 1982 for example), stocks would produce yet another extended period of dismal returns. That prospect certainly isn’t the reason for our present defensiveness, but it’s worth understanding the dynamic that has produced the pattern of market returns we’ve observed over time.
The defining feature of dividends, revenues, book values and the 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings (the denominator of the Shiller P/E) is that they are smooth and insensitive to cyclical fluctuations in profit margins over the business cycle. In contrast, standard price/earnings ratios generally seem very reasonable when profit margins are elevated, and seem extreme when profit margins are depressed. Needless to say, that is no small risk for investors who are enamored with seemingly “reasonable” P/E ratios based on forward operating earnings (which assume that companies will indefinitely earn profit margins about 70% above historical norms).
While we prefer to explicitly model the stream of expected future cash flows in our own valuation work, these multiples can be converted into 10-year total return estimates for the S&P 500 using a fairly “model free” rule of thumb, by associating “fair” value with a 10% prospective return. If we write the normalized price-fundamental ratio as “NPF”, and assume that deviations are gradually corrected over a period of 10 years, we have:
Estimated prospective 10-year S&P 500 total return = 1.10/(NPF^.1) – 1
So for example, an NPF of 1.0 corresponds to a 10% 10-year prospective return. An NPF of 0.5, which we might see at the start of a secular bull market, would correspond to a 10-year prospective return estimate of 1.10/(0.5^.1)-1 = 17.9%.
As a more concrete example, with the S&P 500 price/dividend ratio presently about 43, versus a historical norm of 26, the NPF on dividends is about 43/26 = 1.65. That figure translates into a 10-year prospective return estimate of 1.10/(1.65^.1)-1 = 4.6%.
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Exit Strategy
Link to: Exit Strategy The S&P 500 set a marginal new high on Friday, in the context of a broad rollover in momentum thus far this year that we view as likely – though of course not certain – to represent a broad cyclical peak of the sort that...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Pushing Luck
Link to: Pushing LuckThe latest data from the NYSE shows equity margin debt at a new all-time high. Relative to GDP, the current 2.6% level was eclipsed only once – at the March 2000 market peak. In the context of the most extreme bullish sentiment...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Short Horizon, Long Horizon
Over history, and including the past decade, properly normalized valuations have remained a powerful guidepost for full-cycle and long-term returns, particularly on the horizon of 7-10 years. On that front, the current price/revenue multiple of the S&P...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Sitting Ducks
The present market context is this: from a valuation standpoint, virtually every reliable measure of market valuation we observe is now within the highest 1% of historical observations prior to the late-1990’s bubble. “Reliable” in this context...
- Hussman Weekly Market Comment: Whack-a-mole
As of last week, the S&P 500 has declined to the point where we now expect 10-year total returns averaging about 5.7% annually on the index. This is certainly higher than the 3.4% prospective return we observed earlier this year, but is still a prospective...